Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Personal Statement Example This career had an impact on me, both in terms of being a hand-on profession as well as being mentally challenging. Reading articles and spending a lot of time in my research over the school years, I got to realise that dentistry is one of those professions that integrate technical professionalism with human interaction. This made my interest become my dream. After realizing what my dream is, I got to know how adequate dental care and heal can leave an impact on a person’s life. This realization fuelled my desire and pushed me forward to step ahead and give an attempt to enhance my dental knowledge by applying for further studies in dental schools. Every time it’s about Dentistry, my mind electrifies on the thought of studying from a top Dentistry university as soon as my college ends. That led me to speak so much about Dentistry that I was often asked that what made Dentistry my ideal career. I couldn’t think of giving them a better answer than â€Å"my intelle ctual rigor, interest in sciences and desire to increase a person’s quality of life makes this career ideal for me†. The three year remarkable experience I received in this field gave me a golden chance to furnish myself with a comprehensive and better insight into being a dentist. My fortunate chance to spend a week of Community Dental Practice, I got an opportunity to deal with those dental patients who are unable to get general dental practice due to their phobia of the Dentist or any disability. Handling a patient is not a hazardous task for me, because I had a permanent patient who had me at his beck and call. This opportunity has helped me in realizing the fact that working in a care profession gives me great amount of self satisfaction. I was able to learn multiple aspects of a dental busy surgery and gained sufficient practical experience, and worked under pressure and supervision of experienced dentists by getting a dental experience in the Orthodontics Departm ent. These experiences strengthened my idea of being a Dentist. During these educational practices, I took a peer tutoring course which enabled me to deal with individuals with empathy and provided me a chance to learn about their problems and aspirations. I gained further insight by observing a dental laboratory, seeing the role of a Dental Technician and what was their importance to practising Dentist, their system and practices, dealing with patients, relationship and communication with the dental staff and many other small yet important things. By getting a chance to make an appliance like denture, it helped me in displaying my manual dexterity skills. This part of my life contributed in refining my skills and abilities. From the early years of childhood, I have been visiting my father’s dental clinic regularly. Watching him treating his patient’s dental problems and prescribing them with some dental precautionary steps, enlightened my inner wish of becoming a succ essful dentist. Two years back, I assisted my father and got to see into the real world of dentistry and how dentists worked in such a critical environment. My sportsmanship has provided me with the chance of knowing how to lead and guide a team and work within them. This will really help me in performing well in a group and under pressure in a dental surrounding. In the coming future, I see myself as a well-qualified, ambitious and renowned dentist. I will surely be able to come under spotlight and outshine in this health care

American History II Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

American History II - Essay Example A tariff refers to either a tax on exports or imports in and out of a country, or, on the other hand, a schedule or list of prices for things such as bus routes, electrical usage or rail service (Kaufman, 1998). From the 1790’s up to the eve of the First World War, Tariffs, often referred to as customs, were, for a long time, the largest source of the American revenue. A subsidy, on the other hand, referred to the assistance paid to an economic sector or business (Kaufman, 1998). A majority of subsidies were created by the U.S. government and offered to subventions in an industry so as to prevent the industry from collapsing. Subsidies, in the United States, were often regarded as a form of trade barrier or protectionism (Kaufman, 1998). This was because it made locally manufactured goods more competitive than imports. Finally, a national bank, in the United States, refers to a private bank operating within the regulatory structure, which might or might not function nationally. The whole meaning of a national bank is that the bank is not subject to state usury laws, which are intended to prevent predatory lending (Kaufman,

Innovation and Invention in the Current Age Essay Example for Free

Innovation and Invention in the Current Age Essay I’m sure you all might have sensed something wrong as soon as you would have read the title of the article- Invention is the mother of necessity. Well, to go by conventions there is a proverb which goes like –Necessity is the mother of Invention. My English teacher used to elaborate this one by explaining that, it’s the necessity or paucity of something that leads to an invention. To cite a few simple examples- Telephones, mobiles etc. The telephones and mobiles were invented because it was a necessity for people to get in touch even when they are miles away. So that is how the proverb- Necessity is the mother of Invention goes. But, the technology traits today converse the proverb in entirety. In today’s mind-bogglingly advancing Technology Universe, it’s the invention of something that evolves its necessity. We need not be Marketing Experts or Trade Analysts to understand this simple yet cunning gamble of Technology vendors. I will begin justifying my topic with one the latest Tech-trends- The Tablet PCs. I’m sure you all might have seen the recurrently flashing endorsements of Tablet PCs, most popular of them being Apple’s Ipad. Let’s go in deep waters. The Tablet PC vendors in their advertisements claim that Tablet PCs are a vital necessity for professionals in the Corporate World. Corporates have lots of work, to be specific important work, and if they want to carry it with them, they can just do it via Tablet PCs. Hence, this would increase the response of the corporates towards events and thereby increasing a firm’s productivity. This is the most clichà ©d explanation a marketer for Tablet PC would provide. But, I would make a simple question here. Were Microsoft, Apple Inc, Hawlett Packard and other Big Daddies in B-World making losses when Tablet PCs weren’t invented? Or did their profit graph break the charts after the Tablets were invented? Obviously not ! Then why the Tablet PCs? Answer to this is simple- Profits. If we try to understand the marketing strategies, we would come to a conclusion that a company cannot sustain profits with a single product. You cannot keep on selling the same thing every day, because people already have it, their necessity is quenched and they wouldn’t want to buy it again. Hence, why not create something new? Once a new product is  made, the demand for it can always be created. People are always in hunt of new gadgets, not out of necessity but out of curiosity and voracity. People would always want to try something which they’ve never tried. That too, if the target audience is the Corporate World, sell them anything in the name of profit and they would buy it obliviously . As a result, now you see the corporates going GAGA over the Tablet PCs, some of them have even started equipping the creamy staff with IPADs and stuff in panic for high profits. Another example is Facebook. Facebook was created under the pseudo motive of Social Networking. I feel like laughing when I hear the term Social Networking associated with Facebook. The reason being, there is everything else happening on Facebook except Social Networking. Spying, Virtual Relationships, Corporate Deals, Advertising Marketing, Gaming, Celebrities but Social Networking is something with definitely seems absconding. It was invented to get people ( rather strangers ) closer socially. But I’ve a question to ask, did people have no friends before Facebook existed? I bet people had better friends and better relationships before Facebook. Now, the scenario is that, we would see the newspapers reporting breakups and divorce due to spying issues over Facebook. We would find people’s privacy violated and hence misused. 3 out of 7 days in a week, the news fader on Yahoo! homepage shows issues posed due to usage of Facebook A couple got divorced due to suspicious wall posts, an employee was sacked for writing ill about his boss in his status updates, celebrities digging at each other and what not. In the name of a bliss pertaining to Social Networking and Togetherness it proved a jinx! Not only this, it made the youths so fervent about it, that its mania affected their academics. Facebook now has become an indispensable part of almost everybody’s life. It was never a necessity, but its invention made it a necessity, to be more explicit-an ADDICTION. If you look around, you will find so many things which logically hold negligible prudence in our life, still we have got hooked to it, rather we have been made to hook to it. Sometimes, we are hooked to a particular thing not because we find it necessary or important, but just due to peer pressure. Ipods, Ipads, Smartphones have become a STATUS SYMBOL today and  hence many people use it involuntarily to show off their lofty stratum. Marketing Strategies have cast such a robust spell on our mind that it hardly sees the vitality of anything and just makes it a part of our life. It’s difficult to get out of this conjure but not impossible. It’s time we contemplate about the things we’re using, and about the things we’re addicted to. To conclude, â€Å"Invention is the Mother of Necessity†- is the Mantra which Vendors and Marketers follow today. We being mere mortals fall an easy prey to this hoax. Yet, if thoughtful approach is given precedence over Peer Pressure, Greed for Profit and Class Conscious Approach, it can be tackled with. As soon as people need something, they invent it. For example, when ancient people felt hunger – they went on hunting and for that they invented the bow and arrows. When they needed to carry heavy cargos to large distances the wheel was discovered. In fact, every day the humanity faces new challenges that can’t be met using only the existing technologies. And that’s why new inventions are made every day. Actually, there are people who would challenge even the seemingly obvious statement that â€Å"Necessity is the mother of invention†. They say that inventions were not inspired by the necessity alone. Curiosity was, and still is, a powerful stimulus for explorers, researchers, and inventors. Besides, I have heard more than once, sometimes as a joke, the idea that laziness is the mother of invention, as the man by nature has always been trying to make his life easier by all possible means. Laziness combined with ingenuity, inspired the man to boost his strength by means of the lever, the wheel and axle, and the pulley. For the same reason, the man discovered the sail which enabled him to move fast across the seas without putting any effort into it. But the most obvious proof of this statement is the invention of the remote control for the TV set. Only a very lazy person could have invented a way to avoid having to stand up from a sofa or a  recliner to press a button of the T V set manually. Moreover, there is another point of view that jealousy is the mother of invention. It’s known that the man has only invented the wings because people had long envied the birds their ability to fly. The envy of the fish’s ability to breathe under water has encouraged the man to invent the aqualung. So, those who say that envy gives the start to any progress are not far from the truth. But still, whichever it may be: curiosity, laziness, or jealousy – all of them are nothing but substitutes for necessity. It was necessity that forced the man, almost half-ape, to start The meaning of the proverb is self-evident. We invent what we need; unless we feel the pressure of needs, we are not likely to invent anything. The fable of the thirsty crow which collected pebbles and threw them into the jar to raise the level of water to the birds reach of lips is well-known. Mere necessity would not help us much if we are not moved by thought. Animals have their needs but because t hey lack the power of thinking and ingenuity, they cannot invent anything. They act on instinct and follow a beaten track. Hence, the correct formula should be necessity is the mother of invention but only when it is supported by the power of thinking. This, of course, is obvious. When man feels the pinching need of anything, he begins to think how he can satisfy his needs. He then sets his mind to the task of invention. Necessity gives the first impulse; the rest is the work of the intellect. In primitive times men lived by hunting. It became necessary to shoot and bring down the bird flying or the beast running beyond the reach of man. Hence, the bow and the arrow were invented. Clothes were devised as protection against cold, houses for shelter. Implements were invented for production of food. In this way, various instruments were made to secure a better standard of living. Man is not only the slave of his needs but their creator as well. He not only seeks to satisfy his necessity but also his desire for beauty, his lust for power. Culinary skill has been invented to please the palate. Ornaments were invented to add to female beauty. Man has spent millions trying to invent guided locomotives to the moon and other planets like Mars, not because there is any crying need for the same, but because it gives the thrill of doing the outwardly impossible. The mere satisfaction of needs can never be the sole motive for exercising mans faculties for inventiveness. The proverb tells us not to be passive in our attitude to life.

How Will Singapore Effect Globalization Of National Identity Cultural Studies Essay

How Will Singapore Effect Globalization Of National Identity Cultural Studies Essay Singapore, one of the most globalized nations in the world today, had undergone a series of political and economic crises in the past forcing its leaders to take on a proactive stance to the formation of national identity . One stance the government took was forging a national myth of progress that depicted Singapores transformation from a third world fishing village to a first world republic. The catalyze of this metamorphosis was globalization, through globalizing strategies such as: establishing English as the countrys first language; building Singapores economy through partnerships with multinational corporations; importing popular culture from over the world; advocating and sending Singaporeans to study abroad; encouraging the immigration of foreign talent; and stressing a global orientation rather than a local identity. The embracement of globalization through these strategies has led Singapore to acquire political stability and economic growth. However, they have weakened the countrys social bonds with are critical for pursuing the quest for national identity in Singapore. Although there are other aspects of Singapores national identity, this discussion will focus on the national identity of economic progress because it has a direct correlation with the Republics embrace of globalization. This paper will firstly study the terms globalization and national identity in the context of Singapore. After which, address five issues derived from Singapores embracement of globalization that has an ill effect on the republics national identity quest. Firstly, the way in which Singapore practices selective globalization that has led to an antagonistic relationship between local identities and global identities of the people. Secondly, the recognition of Singapore as a global nation state and how that loses national identity for future generations. Thirdly, how the influences of popular culture affects Singapores national identity adversely. Fourthly, how issues of emigration and immigration have undermined national identity. Fifthly, how Singapores declaration as a global city has led to the debilitation of Singapores national identity from which the problem of commitment arose. And sixthly, how Singapores success story, as a result of globalization, thwarts efforts of cementing the Republics national identity. Singapores National Identity Before we discuss Singapores national identity, this paper defines the concept of a nation, in relation to Singapore, as imagined and as a purposeful construct . This is because Singapore does not have a long history. Furthermore, it is populated by a myriad of different ethnicities. Since independence, the Singaporean government has tried to foster a national identity in Singapore. The aim of this was to unite the heterogeneous immigrant population under the nation-state; in the hope that a uniquely Singaporean identity, which the people could identify with, would emerge. The Singapore government has placed strong emphasis on creating a material-based national identity through the presence and availability of economic development, home-ownership, asset-enhancement, a high standard of living and modern facilities. This has created a social modernity that evokes a sense of Singapores national identity in practical and material terms . Hence, the cleanliness of the environment and the efficiency in the background of everyday Singaporean living are qualities the government promotes as Singapores national identity and national symbols. Singaporeans high quality of life as a resultant of globalization and commercial development reemphasizes the national identity of economic progress. Globalization in the context of Singapore Many scholars view globalization as a force, which would bring about the decline , erosion or the end of the nation-state. True to this definition, Singapores embrace for globalization has created problems by weakening emotional ties and the national identity of the nation. This is demonstrated by: a crippling of social cohesion within the community; a pragmatic attitude of Singaporeans; and an increase number of talented Singaporeans choosing to emigrate. Although the Singapore government attempts to connect the people under the notion of a national identity that is based on the myth of overcoming adversity, this paper posits that the process of globalization undermines Singapores territorial boundaries, the nations sovereignty, and its traditional roles, hence undermining the Republics national identity quest. Singapores practice of selective globalization Globalization exposes nation-states to both opportunities and challenges. Singapore has moved from the process of building a nation-state to becoming a global city. The government practices selective globalization where certain forms are encouraged and others are discouraged . While, they champion for the synchronization of regulations and policies with international standards, they protect their society from unwholesome global commodities such as pornographic magazines. On one hand, Singapore enjoys its status as one of the most globalized countries in the world in terms of finance and telecommunications. On the other hand, Singapore regularly gets criticized from international human rights institutions for insisting to practice its own label of politics . The issue of Singapore practicing selective globalization portrays the need to remain globally connected for the sole purpose of survival, while the retention of certain traditional ideals expresses the necessity to protect specif ic interest. Long suggests, that the act of cultures globalizing and de-globalizing within localities at the same time is synchronized through local practices; and ideals generated symbols transmitted through the media, whether global or local, are at the forefront of forming a contemporary culture . This would mean that globalization weakens the building blocks of national identity because of the reinforcement of social relations through messages, images and symbols that would connect individuals to what Anderson referred to as imagined communities . To explain further, these imagined communities are created through the process of media-related visual cues. An influx of these cues from globalization and localization causes Singapores national identity to be continually contested and negotiated. Singapore as a globalizing nation state Minister Mentor Lee Kwan Yew once said: if more Singaporeans worked abroad and their children forgot their rootsThey dissolve and disappear and there is no Singaporeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ They become citizens of the world. What does that mean? Lost! . As Singapores leaders continue to drive Singapore to become a globalized entity, global influences, such as international education and marriage to foreigners, result in the diminishing of Singapores nation identity. The main issue here is the loss of Singapores future generations of globalized young citizens who were never exposed to the fear of regional hostility or global alienation . Ironically, these generations of Singaporeans have been exposed to the very setting created by the government Singapores global environment that have in turn caused them to diminish their sense of national identity. The influence of popular culture on youths in Singapore The lack of national identity of Singapores most globalized segment of the population, the socially and politically apathetic younger generation, is a pivotal political issue in Singapore. Singapore leaders have tried to combat the social and political consequence of embracing globalization by recounting Singapores difficult past to the future generations as an answer to Singapores shortfall . However, the attraction of globalization presents itself as a strong deterrence to the Republics vision for its citizens. This deterrence can be explained by Bergers proposition of an emerging global culture distinguished by individuation . The embracement of globalization and its exposure to the people has achieved Individuation, which in Singapores context suggests the ability of citizens to form a stronger sense of self or individuality over the nations collectiveness; hence a weakening of national identity. To add on to the peoples sense of individuation, constrains in freedom of criticism of the government have led to demonstration of social trends such as the appropriation of immigration and emigration, as well as a general apathy towards national issues. The latter is best expressed as an attitude of indifference toward defending the nation, as well as, an attitude of dispassion towards Singapores national identity. Globalization issues of emigration and immigration in Singapore To nurture their only resource, people, Singapore sends its people abroad for higher education and training, and to hone their human resources, Singapore induces foreign talent to immigrate to Singapore. Even though these strategies have been successful, in championing objectives of increasing Singapores human talent pool, they weaken the national identity of the nation. Most Singaporeans sent overseas find more opportunities abroad and do not return. By the same token, new immigrants have a greater attachment to their home countries and would leave Singapore eventually. It is clear that although globalization helps Singapore thrive successfully, it undermines a deep attachment to the nation, hence undermining national identity. Furthermore, talented Singaporeans also feel that they will have more professional opportunities if they left Singapore to become a foreign talent. In responds to this, the leaders of Singapore indicated that they are aware of the double-edge sword of globalization, and included that emigration of talented Singaporeans would cause the core of the nation to unravel . It is important to note that the matters raised above, within the quitter-stayer debate, do not entirely point to issues pertaining to loyalty. Rather it points to issues that have emerged from the establishment of a national identity in conjunction with the Republics efforts to embrace globalization Meritocracy. Meritocracy, Singapores national value, has aptly associated talent to success and reward. It was strategically propagated to put Singapore on the global economy map . Today, this very ideal that helped achieve Singapores global status also diminishes the Republics national identity by ingraining an opportunistic mindset into the people, hence indirectly telling Singapores talent to go where opportunities exist. Commitment issues in Singapore as a result of globalization Another repercussion to Singapores embracement of globalization has been a sabotaging of commitment to Singapores well being, where the future generations are unwilling to sacrifice for the nation. One letter in the Straits Times forum page read, What do we have in Singapore that are worth dying for? This paper suggests that Singapore only really offers economic gain. Unfortunately, that could be attained elsewhere, hence there is nothing that compels Singaporeans to stay here, let alone die for their country . Although Singapores myth of economic progress is seen by the nation as a firm foundation of its national identity, it is being undermined because of globalization. In relation to the point above, Anderson puts, the imaginings of a nation are limited to the extent of elastic boundaries . Economic progress is not something exclusive to Singapore and therefore its usage as a national identity by the state is undermined. Through globalization, people identity themselves with an international community, and hence marginalize Singapores national identity of economic progress. Studies have shown that while Singaporeans indicate that they experience a national identity through materiality and achievements of the nation, this form of identity does not conjure up a feeling of allegiance. Neither does it evoke a passion that people may fight and die for, nor does it arouse a sense of differentiation between other cultures. Singapores success story as a national identity Very similarly to the point above, Singapores success story of economic progress, which led the Republic to achieving a worldwide identity, could diminish Singapores national identity. In what this paper views as the Singapore paradox, the goals of the state, which is to sustain the nation, could be threatened by the successful integration of its people into a de-nationalizing globalized identity. This is because globalization propagates factors like transnational migration that undermines the national identity of the Singapore. Conclusion This discussion of globalizations effects on Singapores national identity raises several conclusions that are relevant not only to Singaporeans but to other nations undergoing processes of globalization. Singapores government has embraced globalization as a vital means of not only economic growth but also the Republics survival. This paper has portrayed how the embracement of globalization exerts pressure on Singapores difficulty to construct an effective connection between the nation and its citizens through a quest for national identity. The very tactics of globalization that have led to the rise of Singapores economy have compromised the nations shared identity and opportunities; and as a result of the rise of Singapores affluence through globalization, it is difficult to minimize the negative factors of globalization and maximize the positive factors of localization in establishing a national identity.

Tess of the DUrbervilles :: essays research papers

Tess of the D'Urbervilles Throughout the novel, Tess of the D'Urbervilles, Hardy focuses on the life of Tess Durbeyfield. Starting out as a young, innocent girl, Tess matures throughout the book to become a powerful woman who was capable of thinking for herself. Furthermore, she was also intelligent enough to realize her importance as an individual. At the beginning of the novel, Tess was portrayed as a young girl with too much responsibility for her age. She was sent out into the world at a very young age, and was unable to see the danger in life around her. Tess was the one who had to fetch her parents from the inn because they stayed out too late. In addition to that, she was forced to do her father's work because he was too drunk to realize what the current situation was. Neither parent cared much about Tess: her mother was always thinking about getting Tess married, and her father was thinking of ways to restore their social order. Due to the negligence from her parents, Alec was able to take advantage of her physically and mentally. By giving Tess's father a horse, Alec was able to exert mental control over Tess in such a way that Tess was obliged to obey. Yet, Tess was able to overcome her affair with Alec because she possessed a keen sense of justice and morality. She realized that she had sinned, but also came to the conclusion that she should not be punished eternally for one mistake. This realization also reflects upon Tess's maturation mentally. Moreover, because her affair with Alec also resulted in a child, she was forced to mature much more quickly than she would have liked. Tess also had the habit of blaming herself for everything that would not go as planned. The whispering that Tess endures during her visit to Church after her affair with Alec only serves to strengthen her feelings that she was constantly at fault. Tess's maturation also continued during the period when Angel deserted Tess. Throughout this time, she refused to let anybody criticize Angel. Tess also hides the truth about their separation from either set of parents, for the fear that she will have to endure further criticism. Her simplicity of faith in him is such that, "even the most perfect man could have hardly deserved it." Tess's love for Angel is permanent.

Physical-Based Intervention Therapies For Children with Autism Spectrum

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is not one specific disorder, but a group of disorders that have similar behavioral characteristic, such as difficulty with communication and socialization. The cause of ASD is still unknown but there are studies that indicate there may a genetic or environmental component. More specifically, ASD can cause limitations in intellectual abilities as well as difficulties with attention and motor coordination. ASD is usually identified during the first three years of life and affects boys at a higher rate than girls (Autism Society). ASD actually occurs at five times a higher rate in boys than in girls, affecting as many as 1 in 54 boys as compared to 1 in 252 girls (Center for Disease Control and Prevention). Newer reports have shown that the prevalence of ASD has increased over previous years and indicates that ASD can actually affect as many as 1 in 88 individuals (Autism Speaks). There are a multitude of different types of therapies than can assist individuals whose lives are affected by ASD. This paper describes many of the challenges faced by individuals with ASD and also explores some of the physical based activities that have been shown to be effective in helping children with ASD overcome many of the obstacles they face. Motor impairments are one of a large number of concerns for children who are diagnosed with ASD. These motor impairments can be quite diverse and include impairments that affect the individual with ASD’s gross and fine motor skills and control of posture (Bhat, Landa, & Galloway, 2011). There is research reflecting that eighty-three percent of children with ASD demonstrate below average functioning on various motor-skill related tests. These motor impairments can affec... ...dquatictherapy.htm O'Connor, J., French, R., & Henderson, H. (2000). Use of Physical Activity to Improve Behavior of Children With Autism -- Two for One Benefits. Palaestra , 22-29. Prupas, A., Harvey, W. J., & Benjamen, J. (2006). Early Intervention Aquatics. Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance , 46-51. Reid, G., O'Connor, J., & Lloyd, M. (2003). The Autism Spectrum Disorders: Physical Activity Instruction Part III. Palestra , 20-48. Smith, B. (2011, April). Hippotherapy: Teaching Strategies for Students with Autism. Retrieved March 23, 2012, from Bright Hub: http://www.brighthub.com/education/special/articles/19121.aspx Tomchek, S. D., & Dunn, W. (2007). Sensory Processing in Children With and Without Autism: A Comparative Studing Using the Short Sensory Profile. The American Journal of Occupational Therapy , 190-200.

Brisson Company Case Study

Case 19-3: Brisson Company Approach This problem takes the student through a complete cycle of transactions in a standard cost system in a simple setting. It shows how such a system works, including the development of variances, and ties cost accounting to the accounting cycle the student learned in Part 1 of the book. (Brisson’s system is the same as the one depicted in Illustration 19-2. ) This seems to be a valuable exercise, especially in helping to minimize the omnipresent problems students have with production cost variance analysis in the next chapter.If not assigned for class, this makes a good exam case. (For ease in grading, I suggest you prepare forms with all needed T accounts preprinted on them. ) Question 1 Materials Inventory| | Work in Process Inventory| Bal. | 50,250| (4)| 118,810| | Bal. | 75,600| (9)| 267,684| (2)| 104,980| | 36,420| | (4)| 116,696| | | Bal. | 36,420| | | | (5a,8)| 79,200| | | | | | | | (8)| 99,000| | 102,812| Finished Goods Inventory| | Bal . | 102,812| | | Bal. | 155,400| (10b)| 232,602| | | | | | (9)| 267,684| | 190,482| | | | | | Bal. | 190,482| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Accounts Payable| | All Other Assets| (3a)| 102,300| Bal. | 104,700| | Bal. | 325,500| (3a)| 102,300| | | (2)| 103,535| | (3b)| 192,000| (3b)| 192,000| | 143,435| (6)| 37,500| | (10a)| 375,150| (5b)| 116,700| | | Bal. | 143,435| | | | (6)| 18,300| | | | | | | | (7)| 78,750| All Other Liabilities| | | | | 384,600| | | Bal. | 47,250| | Bal. | 384,600| | | | | | | | | | | | Overhead| | Wages Payable| (5a)| 40,500| (8)| 99,000| | (5b)| 116,700| Bal. | 6,150| (6)| 55,800| | | | | 2,250| (5a)| 112,800| (11)| 2,700| | | | | | Bal. | 2,250| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Overhead Variance| | Shareholders’ Equity| (14)| 2,700| (11)| 2,700| | | | Bal. | 448,650| | | | | | | 521,379| (19)| 72,729| | | | | | | | Bal. | 521,379| | | | | | | | | | Labor Variance| | Material Price Variance| (16)| 6,900| (5a,8)| 6,900| | (15)| 1,445| (2)| 1,445| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Sales| | Material Usage Variance| (12)| 375,150| (10a)| 375,150| | (4)| 2,114| (17)| 2,114| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Selling and Admin. Expense| | Income Summary| (7)| 78,750| (18)| 78,750| | (13)| 232,602| (12)| 375,150| | | | | | (17)| 2,114| (14)| 2,700| | | | | (18)| 78,750| (15)| 1,445| Cost of Sales| | (19)| 72,729| (16)| 6,900| (10b)| 232,602| (13)| 232,602| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Notes on entries (numbered to correspond to the case transactions): (2) 2,500 @ $29. 80 + 1,000 @ $30. 48 = $104,980 @ std. $104,980 – $103,535 = $1,445 credit (favorable) price variance. Favorable price variances often arise in the first half of the year; the standard is set to represent the annual average, and with inflation, prices will tend to be below this average for the first 6 months and above it in the latter half f the year. (3b)The debit reflects an increase in Cash; the credit represents the decrease in Accounts Receivable. (3) 3,20 0 @ $29. 80 + 700 @ $30. 48 = $116,696 for original issues; plus extra (replacement) issues as follows: 100 @ $12. 37 + 20 @ $11. 25 + 45 @ $10. 80 + 20 @ $6. 63 + 4 @ $8. 43 = $2,114 (an (4) unfavorable usage variance); giving total issues of $118,810. (Note: Some students may claim that the $2,114 in extra materials issues were to replace materials that were defective, as opposed to replacing good items that were spoiled in the production places.Such students may treat this $2,114 as an overhead cost; if so, they will have $0 material usage variance and $586 favorable overhead variance. ) (5a)This entry stumps many students, at least temporarily. Some will cleverly set up a labor clearing account analogous to the overhead clearing account, and then charge the standard labor to this account at entry (8) the balance in this labor clearing account will be $6,900 dr. , which is closed to Labor Variance. Other students will do what I’ve done here—read ahead to entry (8), and deduce the labor variance as part of the entry. 9)3,000 @ $70. 30 + 800 @ $70. 98 = $267,684 (10b)2,400 @ $70. 30 + 900 @ $70. 98 = $232,602 cost of sales (11)This closes the overhead clearing account. (12)-(19) These entries close the temporary accounts and income summary. Question 2 BRISSON COMPANY Income Statement Month of April| Sales revenue| $375,150| Cost of sales @ standard| 232,602| Standard gross margin| 142,548| Production cost variances*| 8,931| Actual gross margin| 151,479| Selling and administrative expense| 78,750| Income| $ 72,729| *Production cost variances:| | Martial price| $1,445F| Material usage| 2,114U| Labor| 6,900F| Overhead| 2,700F| | $8,931F| Question 3 BRISSON COMPANY Balance Sheet As of April 30| Assets| | Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity| Materials inventory| $ 36,420| | Accounts payable| $143,435| Work in process inventory| 102,812| | Wages payable| 2,250| Finished goods inventory| 190,482| | All other liabilities| 47,250| All other asses | 384,600| | Shareholders’ equity| 521,379| | $714,314| | | $714,314|